In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period
lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries,
similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with
the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the
Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.
II
Learning Objectives
Understand the importance of the Middle Ages after the fall of the Roman Empire
Explain the role of dance in upper and lower social classes in Medieval society
Gain an awareness of the differences between profane and sacred dances across times
Realize the impact of Catholicism on the syncretic festivals that emerged in the Americas
Experience the main steps of a Medieval dance scene
III
Main Lesson
1
Middle Ages
Question 1
Which events are important during the Middle Ages?
[The Catholic Candelmas is the 40th day of the Christmas – Epiphany
season. It celebrates the presentation of Jesus at the Temple and the
purification of the Virgin Mary. It may have evolved from the ancient
Roman spring purification festival of Lupercalia.]
[Carmen is another invocation of the Virgin Mary, is the patron saint of the sea,
and particular of the Spanish Navy and her feast day is celebrated on
July 16th which a modest celebration in the port zone of Xàbia.]
Gagaku,
characterized by long, slow songs and dance-like movements, is the
oldest of the Japanese traditional performing arts. It is performed at
banquets and ceremonies in the Imperial Palace and in theatres
throughout the country, and encompasses three distinct arts. The first,
Kuniburi no Utamai, features ancient Japanese songs, partial
accompaniment by harp and flute and simple choreography. The second
consists of instrumental music (especially wind instruments) and a
ceremonial dance developed on the Asian continent and subsequently
adapted by Japanese artists. The third, Utamono, is danced to vocal
music whose texts include Japanese folk songs and Chinese poems.
Influenced
by the politics and culture of different periods over its long
evolution, Gagaku continues to be transmitted to apprentices by masters
in the Music Department of the Imperial Household Agency, many of whom
are the descendants of families with deep roots in the art. It is not
only an important cultural tool in confirming Japanese identity and a
crystallization of the history of Japanese society, but also a
demonstration of how multiple cultural traditions can be fused into a
unique heritage through constant recreation over time.
Kamakura Palace Unohana Festival Houei no Mai (shrine maiden dance in the glittering light) Daitonomiya Concert Performance
Question 5
Compare and contrast the medieval times in Europe and Japan.
IV
A Note to Remember
Throughout the Carolingian era (eighth to tenth centuries) and the later Middle Ages, dancing was a part of all types of celebrations, both formal and informal.
It could involve a solo dancer, couples, or groups of any size, and was
accompanied by music that was either sung or played on instruments of
all types.
V
Case Study
Romeo and Juliet
In the Italian city of Verona, the Montague and the Capulet
families are perpetually feuding. When Romeo (Leonard Whiting), a
handsome young Montague, disregards convention by attending a Capulet
ball, he falls in love with the beautiful Juliet (Olivia Hussey), a
Capulet. After a brief courtship, the two elope,
creating even greater tension between their families. Italian director
Franco Zeffirelli's film, Romeo and Juliet (1968). is considered one of the best screen versions
of Shakespeare's classic love story.
Question 6
Based on the scene above, what was the purpose of court dances during European Medieval times?
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VI
ACTIVITY
Let us put some steps together and dance.
Using the video shown above, create an 8 steps phrase.
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I Unit: Ancient Rome Theme: Pantomime Introduction In modern historiography, Ancient Rome refers to Roman civilization from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire. Ancient Rome gave to the Performing Arts its pantomime. Pantomime is a dramatic entertainment, originating in Roman mime, in which performers express meaning through gestures accompanied by music. II Learning Objectives Understand the impact the the Roman Empire had on religion Explain why new comedy was important within the context of Ancient Rome Gain an awareness about the connection between Ancient Rome and Ancient Greece Experience the use of pantomime to tell a story III Main Lesson 1 Ancient Rome (5:36 min.) Question 1 What was a main cultural...
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